Ultrasound Attenuation Coefficient: Key Advancement in Liver Disease Diagnosis

Innovative ultrasound diagnosis plays a crucial role in the evaluation of steatotic liver disease, particularly in the context of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). This diagnostic approach involves the measurement of the attenuation coefficient (AC) using real-time ultrasound steatometry, offering a more objective and accurate assessment compared to traditional B-mode imaging. MASLD presents a significant global health challenge, with the potential to progress to severe liver conditions, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma. The prevalence of MASLD is substantial, necessitating effective and cost-efficient diagnostic solutions for population-wide assessment.

Conventional ultrasound imaging using B-mode grayscale has been the primary method for detecting SLDs, relying on subjective interpretations of liver echogenicity. However, this approach is operator-dependent and may lack accuracy and consistency. The introduction of AC measurement through ultrasound devices represents a significant advancement in SLD assessment, allowing for quantification and grading of steatosis with improved objectivity and reproducibility.

A recent cross-sectional study conducted at the Kyiv City Clinical Endocrinology Center evaluated the intra- and interobserver variability of ACM for assessing SLD. The study included 52 patients, examined by radiologists and general practitioners using a Soneus P7 ultrasound system. The results demonstrated excellent intraobserver variability, with expert radiologists and nonexpert GPs achieving high levels of agreement in ACM measurements. Interobserver variability was also favorable, indicating consistent results among different operators.

The study highlighted the potential of real-time US steatometry with ACM measurement as a simple and informative method for early detection and staging of SLD. Notably, the technology’s ease of use allowed GPs to master the technique within a short training period, enabling them to utilize ACM for population screening purposes. This could facilitate timely identification and management of MASLD, ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing the burden of advanced liver diseases.

Despite the study’s limitations, including its single-center design and sample size, the findings underscore the promise of ACM in enhancing noninvasive SLD assessment. Future research involving larger and more diverse populations is warranted to validate the effectiveness of ACM and its role in routine clinical practice. By offering a reliable and operator-independent diagnostic tool, ACM has the potential to revolutionize the approach to MASLD diagnosis and management.