Researchers have developed a noninvasive ultrasound-guided rete testis (UGRT) approach to retrieve sperm from the testes of men with azoospermia. Azoospermia, characterized by the absence of sperm in the ejaculate, affects 1% of men worldwide. Surgical methods to retrieve sperm can be invasive and costly. The UGRT approach involves using ultrasound to guide the insertion of a needle into the rete testis space to retrieve sperm or infuse stem cells into the testes.
The study successfully retrieved sperm using the UGRT approach in monkeys with radiation-induced azoospermia and patients with obstructive azoospermia. However, sperm retrieval was unsuccessful in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia. The researchers also performed autologous transplantation of cryopreserved testicular cells, including spermatogonial stem cells, in a young adult survivor of childhood cancer using the UGRT approach.
The findings suggest that UGRT flushing and aspiration is effective for sperm retrieval in patients with obstructive azoospermia. The approach offers a less invasive and potentially less expensive option compared to traditional surgical methods. The researchers also highlighted the importance of managing expectations regarding the extent of spermatogenesis in patients undergoing such procedures.
Moreover, the study demonstrated the feasibility and safety of accessing the rete testis space for sperm retrieval or stem cell transplantation. The researchers developed a simple injection apparatus and established a training platform for experts in men’s reproductive health. This innovative approach could provide new possibilities for fertility preservation and restoration in patients with azoospermia.
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