Enhancing Female Infertility Diagnosis with Multimodal Imaging Techniques

The application value of multimodal hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography (HyCoSy) combined with negative hysterography in assessing tubal patency and diagnosing uterine lesions in female infertility is a significant area of study. Infertility, a challenging issue impacting many women, can have profound physical, mental, and social implications. The evaluation of fallopian tube patency and uterine cavity lesions is crucial in understanding and addressing the causes of infertility.

HyCoSy has emerged as a non-invasive method for diagnosing uterine and tubal pathologies, particularly in assessing tubal patency. By injecting contrast agents into the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes, doctors can visualize these structures and detect any abnormalities. The evolution of ultrasound technology has led to advancements in HyCoSy techniques, such as the combination of 2D, 3D, 4D, and transvaginal harmonic imaging, collectively known as multimodal HyCoSy.

Negative hysterography, using a saline contrast agent, enhances the visualization of uterine cavity lesions. This method has shown high consistency with hysteroscopy in diagnosing conditions like endometrial polyps, submucosal fibroids, and uterine adhesions. The combination of multimodal HyCoSy and negative hysterography provides a simple, rapid, and accurate examination approach for assessing tubal patency and diagnosing uterine lesions.

In a study involving 310 infertile patients, multimodal HyCoSy combined with negative hysterography demonstrated improved diagnostic efficiency. The success rates of tubal patency diagnosis were significantly higher when using multiple modalities compared to single modes. The study highlighted the importance of combining different ultrasound modes to enhance diagnostic accuracy and reliability.

The findings also emphasized the role of experienced ultrasound physicians in interpreting imaging data effectively. The study showed that both high and low seniority groups could diagnose tubal patency with similar efficiency when using multimodal contrast-enhanced ultrasound. The combination of different modes led to higher diagnostic success rates, underscoring the importance of a comprehensive approach in evaluating reproductive anatomy.

Furthermore, negative hysterography proved to be highly accurate in diagnosing uterine lesions, with a detection rate of 29.7% for uterine abnormalities. The method showed consistent results when compared to hysteroscopy, demonstrating its reliability in diagnosing various uterine conditions. The study identified the strengths and limitations of negative hysterography in detecting different types of uterine lesions, emphasizing the need for careful examination and interpretation.

In conclusion, the integration of multimodal HyCoSy and negative hysterography offers a valuable tool for clinicians in diagnosing female infertility. The study’s comprehensive approach, combining different imaging modalities, highlights the importance of accuracy and reliability in assessing tubal patency and uterine lesions. This combined method presents a practical, user-friendly, and effective strategy for evaluating reproductive health and addressing infertility concerns.